The error in GitHub Desktop “Commit failed – exit code 1 received” can occur due to a few reasons.
Check first if you have added files to your index.
Open the command line and check your git status.
Second, check if you have nested .git directories.
Try searching your repository to see if you have multiple .git directories
Finally, check if you have any submodule (a .gitmodules file at the root of your repo).
Good luck!
