Feb 12 2021
Single User Mode (sometimes known as Maintenance Mode) is a mode in Unix-like operating systems such as Linux operate, where a handful of services are started at system boot for basic functionality to enable a single superuser perform certain critical tasks. It is runlevel 1 under system SysV init, and runlevel1.target or rescue.target in systemd. …
Nov 04 2020
What is the correct way to store /var on a separate partition? First prepare a new partition (e.g. with parted or fdisk and mkfs). For example, let’s create a new partition in fdisk:
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1 |
#fdisk /dev/vda |
then choose n for the new partition and go through configuration steps. choose w at the end to write changes to …
May 07 2020
GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) is the most widely used bootloader among Linux operating systems (OS) but it can boot any OS. GRUB main functionality is to allow users to select between different operating systems to boot. As bootloader GRUB is installed on the MBR (Master Boot Record) and additionally to allow us to select different …
May 06 2020
This article will cover basics of the RPM package architecture and show how we can see RPM package content and extract it. There will be examples how to extract RPM package files from Linux command line. An RPM package is simply a header structure on top of a CPIO archive. The package itself is comprised …
Jan 03 2020
LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) is the standard for Linux hard disk encryption. By providing a standard on-disk-format, it does not only facilitate compatibility among distributions, but also provides secure management of multiple user passwords. In contrast to existing solution, LUKS stores all setup necessary setup information in the partition header, enabling the user to …
Jun 27 2019
There are two ways to invoke sar. sar followed by an option (without specifying a saXX data file). This will look for the current day’s saXX data file and report the performance data that was recorded until that point for the current day. sar followed by an option, and additionally specifying a saXX data file …
Jun 27 2019
SAR stands for System Activity Report, as its name suggest sar command is used to collect,report & save CPU, Memory, I/O usage in Unix like operating system. SAR command produce the reports on the fly and can also save the reports in the log files as well. In this article we will discuss different examples …
Jun 18 2018
Gitlab is an open source, powerful, robust, scalable, secure, as well as efficient software development and collaboration platform for all stages of the DevOps lifecycle. It allows you to plan your development process; code, and verify; package software, and release it with an in-built continuous delivery feature; automate configurations management, and monitor software performance. It …
Jan 19 2018
The CentOS 7 official software repositories have PHP 5.4 that is reached end of life and no longer actively maintained by the developers. Thus you need a newer PHP 7 on your CentOS server. The commands below will help you install PHP 7 on CentOS. All of them are executed as root account or with …
Nov 15 2017
In this article I’ll describe how to protect Asterisk from hacking attempts with Fail2ban in CentOS Linux. Fail2Ban is a standard Linux tool used to scan log files and then block IP’s found in those log files using iptables. Fail2ban depends completely on the application (in this case Asterisk) to detect any intrusion/failure and log …
